Flexible Aluminum-Air Battery Based on High-Performance Three-Dimensional Dual-Network PVA/KC/KOH Composite Gel Polymer Electrolyte.

With a large theoretical capacity and high energy density, aluminum-air batteries are a promising energy storage device. However, the rigid structure and liquid electrolyte of a traditional aluminum-air battery limit its application potential in the field of flexible electronics, and the irreversible corrosion of its anode greatly reduces the battery life. To solve the above problems, a PVA/KC/KOH (2 M) composite gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) with a three-dimensional dual-network structure consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), kappa-carrageenan (KC), and potassium hydroxide was prepared in this paper by a simple two-step method and applied in aluminum-air batteries. At room temperature, the ionic conductivity of the PVA/KC/KOH (2 M) composite GPE was found to be up to 6.50 × 10-3 S cm-1. By utilizing this composite GPE, a single flexible aluminum-air battery was assembled and achieved a maximum discharge voltage of 1.2 V at 5 mA cm-2, with discharge time exceeding 3 h. Moreover, the single flexible aluminum-air battery maintains good electrochemical performance under various deformation modes, and the output voltage of the battery remains at about 99% after 300 cycles. The construction of flexible aluminum-air batteries based on a three-dimensional dual-network PVA/KC/KOH composite GPE provides excellent safety and high-multiplication capabilities for aluminum-air batteries, making them potential candidates for various flexible device applications.

Polyvinyl alcohol/kappa-carrageenan-based package film with simultaneous incorporation of ferric ion and polyphenols from Capsicum annuum leaves for fruit shelf-life extension.

Bio-based food packaging materials have elicited growing interests due to their great degradability, high safety and active biofunctions. In this work, by simultaneously introducing the polyphenolic extracts from Capsicum annuum leaves and ferric ion (Fe3+) into the Polyvinyl alcohol/kappa-carrageenan (PVA/κ-carrageenan)-based film-forming matrix, an active package film was developed, with the purpose to improve the food shelf life. The experimental results indicated that the existence of Fe3+ can not only improve the mechanical properties owing to the multiple dynamic coordinated interactions, but also endow the composite films with excellent fire-retardancy. Moreover, the composite films could display excellent UV resistant performance, water vapor/oxygen gas barrier properties and antioxidant activities with the corporation of polyphenols. In particular, the highest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capacities for composite film (PC-PLP7 sample) were evaluated to be 82.5 % and 91.1 %, respectively. Higher polyphenol concentration is favorable to the bio-functions of the materials. Benefitting from these features, this novel kind of films with a dense and steady micro-structure could be further applicated in fruit preservations, where the ripening bananas were ensured with the high storage quality. This integration as a prospective food packaging material provides an economic and eco-friendly approach to excavate the high added-values of biomass.

Preparation and application of curcumin loaded with citric acid crosslinked chitosan-gelatin hydrogels.

While oral administration offers safety benefits, its therapeutic efficacy is hindered by various physiological factors within the body. In this study, a novel approach was explored using a matrix consisting of 2 % chitosan and 2 % gelatin, with citric acid (CA) serving as a green cross-linking agent (ranging from 0.4 % to 1.0 %), and curcumin (Cur) as the model drug to formulate hydrogel carriers. The results showed that a 0.4 % CA concentration, the hydrogel (CGA0.4) reached swelling equilibrium in deionized water within 40 min, exhibiting a maximum swelling index was 539 g/g. The addition of Cur to the CGA hydrogel (CGACur) notably enhanced release efficiency, particularly in simulated intestinal fluid, where Cur release rates exceeded 40 % within 100 min compared to below 8 % in other solutions. Among these hydrogels, CGA0.4Cur exhibited the fastest degradation rate in the combined solution, reaching >90 % degradation after 7 days. Additionally, Cur and CA demonstrated positive effects on the tensile strength, antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity of hydrogels. Compare to the bioaccessibility of CGC (27 %), those of CGACur had increased to over 34 %. These findings offer provide theoretical support for CA-crosslinked chitosan/gelatin gels in delivering hydrophobic bioactive molecules and their application in intestinal drug delivery system.

Tough and stretchable all-κ-carrageenan hydrogel based on the cooperative effects between chain conformation transition and stepwise mechanical training.

The traditional κ-carrageenan (κCG)-based hydrogel obtained from hot water can rupture easily under mechanical loading. To address this vulnerability, here we presented a robust all-κCG hydrogel without employing the second synthetic network. By simply regulating the polymer chains from random coil to stiff chain conformation in NaOH/urea solvent system via the freeze-thawing process, the as-prepared hydrogel with homogeneous structure can display an enhanced stretchability from 42.1 to 156 %, while maintaining the similar fracture stress. Moreover, upon the stepwise mechanical training and subsequent incubation in KCl aqueous solution, more helical segments of κCG were aligned and involved into the association domains, thus leading to the increment in both the crystallinity and anisotropy. Consequently, a fast self-strengthening behavior occurred, and a more stretchable (fracture strain up to 396 %), strong (stress âˆ¼ 0.55 MPa) and tough (∼1.52 MJ m-3) κCG hydrogel was obtained. In comparison to the traditional one, the fracture strain and toughness are increased by 8.5 and 11.5 times, respectively. In addition, this κCG hydrogel can demonstrate good recovery and shape-memory behaviors under medium deformation. Hence, this tough all-κCG hydrogel is expected to be tailored into the biomaterials as the wearable device, artificial tendon, and cartilage in the future.

Association between overall dietary quality and constipation in American adults: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Constipation seriously affects people's life quality, and dietary adjustment has been one of the effective methods. Overall dietary quality has been reported to be associated with some diseases, while its association with constipation has not been reported. This study aims to explore the association between overall dietary quality and constipation. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was designed and data were extracted from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Overall dietary quality was assessed by healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015), and constipation was defined by either stool consistency or stool frequency. The association between overall dietary quality or components of HEI-2015 and constipation was assessed using logistic regression, with results expressed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Subgroup analysis was conducted according to age and gender. RESULTS: A total of 13,945 participants were eligible, with 1,407 in constipation group and 12,538 in non-constipation group. Results showed that higher adherence to HEI-2015 was associated with reduced odds of constipation (OR: 0.98, 95%CI: 0.98-0.99) after adjusting potential confounders. Further, we found higher intake of total fruits, whole fruits, total vegetables, greens and beans, whole grains, total protein foods, seafood and plant proteins, and higher fatty acids ratio decreased the odds of constipation, while higher intake of sodium increased the odds (all P < 0.05). We also found negative association between HEI-2015 and constipation in participants with male sex, female sex, age ≥ 65 years, and age < 65 years (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: We found higher adherence to HEI-2015 decreased the odds of constipation, suggesting that increasing HEI-2015 adherence may be one of effective methods to alleviate constipation.

Preparation, physicochemical and application evaluation of raspberry anthocyanin and curcumin based on chitosan/starch/gelatin film.

Raspberry anthocyanin (RA) from Rubus idaeus L. (Rosaceae) and curcumin (Cur) from Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae) can effectively improve the physicochemical properties of composite films, and as bioactive pigment components, they can impart pH-responsive properties to the film. In this study, RA and Cur were added to chitosan/starch/gelatin composite film (CSG) to prepare CSG-RA, CSG-Cur, CSG-RA/Cur82 and CSG-RA/Cur73 color films by solution casting method. The color films could change color under different pH conditions and had higher antioxidant activities using ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) assay. The results from fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that RA and Cur were well dispersed in the CSG matrix and improved the structure of the composite films. The hydrophobic Cur increased the tensile strength from 6 Mpa (CSG) to 14 Mpa (CSG-Cur), but reduced the elongation at break from 55 % (CSG) to 40 % (CSG-Cur). These color films had a good fresh-keeping effect and freshness monitoring, in particular, CSG-RA/Cur73, had the better opacity, water solubility, thickness, moisture content and water vapor permeability than the other films. Briefly, binary pigment films had the potential to become a pH-sensitive indicator/packing film.

Chitin/egg shell membrane@Fe3O4 nanocomposite hydrogel for efficient removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solution.

The development of adsorbents by using the byproducts or waste from large-scale industrial and agricultural production is of great significance, and is considered to be an economic and efficient strategy to remove the heavy metals from polluted water. In this work, a novel chitin/EM@Fe3O4 nanocomposite hydrogel was obtained from a NaOH/urea aqueous system, where the proteins of egg shell membrane and Fe3O4 nanoparticles were chemically bonded to chitin polymer chains with the help of epichlorohydrin. Due to the existence of a large number of -NH2, -OH, -CONH-, -COOH and hemiacetal groups, the adsorption efficiency for Pb2+ into the absorbent was dramatically enhanced. The experimental results revealed that the adsorption behavior strongly depends on various factors, such as initial pH, initial Pb2+ concentration, incubation temperature and contact time. The kinetic experiments indicated that the adsorption process for Pb2+ in water solution agreed with the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. The film diffusion or chemical reaction is the rate limiting process in the initial adsorption stage, and the adsorption of Pb2+ into the nanocomposite hydrogel can well fit the Langmuir isotherm. Thermodynamic analysis demonstrated that such adsorption behaviors were dominated by an endothermic (ΔH° > 0) and spontaneous (ΔG° < 0) process.

A programmable bilayer hydrogel actuator based on the asymmetric distribution of crystalline regions.

A novel strategy to fabricate bilayer hydrogel actuators based on the asymmetric distribution of crystalline regions across the bilayer structures was proposed. By employing PVA polymer chains into an alkali solvent-derived chitosan hydrogel matrix, chitosan/PVA hybrid bilayer hydrogels with both excellent responsive bending and mechanical properties were obtained as pH-controlled manipulators. In the design, the chitosan/PVA hydrogels upon treatment with freeze-thawing cycles were taken as the first monolayer, where excessive crystalline regions appeared. The original chitosan/PVA hydrogel as the second monolayer was then integrated into one bilayer device through the chemical-crosslinking of epichlorohydrin at the interface. The results showed that the resultant chitosan/PVA bilayer hydrogel actuator with a weight ratio of 3 : 1 displayed better sensitivity upon exposure to stimuli. The actuation behaviors are strongly dependent on experimental parameters such as the pH, PVA content and the chemical-crosslinking density. It is proposed that the driving force originates from the asymmetric distribution of crystalline regions, thus resulting in differential swelling ratios between the monolayers. In addition, programmable 3D shape transformations were achieved by using the bilayer hydrogel with designed 2D geometric patterns, and the tailored gripper-like hydrogel actuator can successfully capture and transport the cargo. Moreover, this actuation behavior can be erased and re-written on demand under certain conditions. Taking advantage of this universal strategy, more attractive actuators derived from synthetic or natural polymers in combination with PVA are highly expected, which can be used as smart soft robots in various fields such as manipulators, grippers, and cantilever sensors.

Chain conformation transition induced host-guest assembly between triple helical curdlan and ß-CD for drug delivery.

The unique conformation transition from a triple helix to single coils for the triple helical ß-d-glucans has paved the way to fabricate various functional nanocomposites through the denaturing-renaturing process. This study firstly reports a novel kind of naturally derived supramolecular polymer micelle consisting of single-stranded chains of curdlan (CUR) and ß-CDs. It is proposed that ß-CDs as the host molecules were threaded onto single ß-glucan chains (denatured triplex CUR) via the host-guest interaction, thereby forming supramolecular micelles. The results from the 1H NMR, FT-IR, XRD and 2D 1H NOESY NMR studies confirmed the formation of the inclusion complex and the existence of the core-shell structure of the supramolecular assembly. TEM images and DLS revealed that the self-organized micelles displayed a regular spherical shape with an average diameter of ∼27 nm. Furthermore, the hydrophobic anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) was selected as a model drug and successfully encapsulated into the CUR/ß-CD micelles. The drug-loaded micelles exhibited a steady sustained-release pattern regardless of the environmental pH. The flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy measurements confirmed that the CPT-loaded micelles could be well internalized into HepG 2 cells and continuously release the drug molecules inside the tumor cells. Meanwhile, the in vivo experiments demonstrated that CPT-loaded micelles could effectively inhibit tumor growth in comparison to free drugs. This concept will give a favorable platform to construct intelligent drug delivery systems for potential use.

Using N-doped Carbon Dots Prepared Rapidly by Microwave Digestion as Nanoprobes and Nanocatalysts for Fluorescence Determination of Ultratrace Isocarbophos with Label-Free Aptamers.

The strongly fluorescent and highly catalytic N-doped carbon dots (CDN) were rapidly prepared by a microwave irradiation procedure and were characterized by electron microscopy (EM), laser scattering, infrared spectroscopy (IR), and by their fluorescence spectrum. It was found that the CDN had a strong catalytic effect on the fluorescence reaction of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine hydroxide ((TMB)⁻H2O2) which produced the oxidation product of TMB (TMBOX) with strong fluorescence at 406 nm. The aptamer (Apt) was adsorbed on the CDN surfaces which weakened the fluorescence intensity due to the inhibition of catalytic activity. When the target molecule isocarbophos (IPS) was added, it reacted with the Apt to form a stable conjugate and free CDN which restored the catalytic activity to enhance the fluorescence. Using TMBOX as a fluorescent probe, a highly sensitive nanocatalytic method for determination of 0.025⁻1.5 µg/L IPS was established with a detection limit of 0.015 µg/L. Coupling the CDN fluorescent probe with the Apt⁻IPS reaction, a new CD fluorescence method was established for the simple and rapid determination of 0.25⁻1.5 µg/L IPS with a detection limit of 0.11 µg/L.

Enhanced capture and release of circulating tumor cells using hollow glass microspheres with a nanostructured surface.

Self-floating hollow glass microspheres (HGMS) modified with tumor-specific antibodies have been developed for the capture of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and have demonstrated effective cell isolation and good viability of isolated cancer cells. However, the capture efficiency decreases dramatically if the spiked cell concentration is low, possibly due to insufficient interactions between cancer cells and the HGMS surface. In order to apply HGMS-based CTC isolation to clinically relevant samples, it is desirable to create nanostructures on the surface of HGMS to enhance cell-surface interactions. Nevertheless, current microfabrication methods cannot generate nanostructured-surfaces on microspheres. The authors have developed a new HGMS with a controlled nanotopographical surface structure (NSHGMS), and demonstrated isolation and recovery of rare cancer cells. NSHGMS are achieved by applying layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of negatively charged SiO2 nanoparticles and positively charged poly-l-arginine molecules, then sheathing the surface with an enzymatically degradable LbL film made from biotinylated alginate and poly-l-arginine, and capping with anti-EpCAM antibodies and anti-fouling PEG molecules. Compared to smooth-surfaced HGMS, NSHGMS showed shorter isolation time (20 min), enhanced capture efficiency (93.6 ± 4.9%) and lower detection limit (30 cells per mL) for commonly used cancer cell lines (MCF7, SK-BR-3, PC-3, A549 and CCRF-CEM). This NSHGMS-based CTC isolation method does not require specialized lab equipment or an external power source, and thus, can be used for the separation of targeted cells from blood or other body fluids in a resource-limited environment.

Co-location of the blaKPC-2, blaCTX-M-65, rmtB and virulence relevant factors in an IncFII plasmid from a hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate.

Hypervirulent variants of klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP), which cause serious infections not only healthy individuals, but also the immunocompromised patients, have been increasingly reported recently. One conjugation of a hypermucoviscous strian SWU01 co-carried the resistance gene blaKPC-2 and virulence gene iroN by the PCR detection from three carbapenem-resistance hvKP. To know the genetic context of this plasmid. The whole genome of this strain was sequenced. We got a 162,552-bp plasmid (pSWU01) which co-carried the resistance gene blaKPC-2 and virulence gene iroN. It is composed of a typical IncFII-type backbone, five resistance genes including blaCTX-M-65, blaKPC-2, blaSHV-12, blaTEM-1 and rmtB, and several virulence relevant factors including iroN, traT and toxin-antitoxin systems. The plasmid pSWU01 co-carrying the multidrug resistance determinants and virulence relevant factors from the hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae represents a novel therapeutic challenge.

Covalent bonding of Schiff base network-1 as a stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), featuring low densities, high surface areas, and good thermal and chemical stabilities, are gradually attracting interest in the field of analytical chemistry. A type of microporous polymer network material named Schiff base network-1 (SNW-1) was introduced into a capillary column through covalent bonding. The obtained SNW-1-coated capillary column was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Then, the SNW-1-coated capillary column was successfully utilized for the open-tubular capillary electrochromatography (OT-CEC) separation of sulfonamides, cephalosporins, amino acids and parabens. The fabricated capillary column showed good separation efficiency (Rs > 1.4), stability and reproducibility (relative standard deviation (RSD) < 5.88%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a covalent bonding strategy to bond an SNW material to a capillary column for OT-CEC.

Open-tubular capillary electrochromatographic determination of ten sulfonamides in tap water and milk by a metal-organic framework-coated capillary column.

In this study, a metal-organic framework (MOF), [Mn(cam)(bpy)], was synthesized and characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. An open-tubular capillary column was fabricated from [Mn(cam)(bpy)] via the amide coupling method. Ten types of sulfonamides were separated through the fabricated capillary column, which showed a good limits of detection (<0.07 µg/mL) and linear ranges (1-100 or 5-100 µg/mL) with a high correlation coefficients (R2 > 0.9987). The intra-day, inter-day and column-to-column relative standard deviations (RSDs) in the migration times ranged from 0.44 to 4.87%, and the peak area RSDs ranged from 0.80 to 7.28%. The developed capillary electrochromatography method can be successfully utilized for the determination of sulfonamides in tap water and milk samples.

Aptamer based determination of Pb(II) by SERS and by exploiting the reduction of HAuCl4 by H2O2 as catalyzed by graphene oxide nanoribbons.

The authors report that graphene oxide nanoribbons exert a strong catalytic effect on the reduction of HAuCl4 by H2O2 to form gold nanoparticles which display nanoplasmonic surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity, Rayleigh scattering and absorption. If an aptamer against Pb(II) is present in solution, it will bind to the graphene oxide nanoribbons and thereby inhibit their catalytic activity. Upon addition of Pb(II), it will bind to the aptamer to form stable complexes and release free graphene oxide nanoribbon. These cause the surface enhanced Raman scattering intensity at 1615 cm-1 to increase in the presence of the molecular probe Victoria Blue B. The SERS signal increases linearly in the 0.002-0.075 µmol·L-1 Pb(II) concentration range, and the detection limit is 0.7 nmol·L-1. Toner samples were spiked and then analyzed for Pb(II) by this method. Relative standard deviations are between 6.2% and 12.2%, and recoveries range from of 86.7%-106.7%. Graphic abstract Based on Pb(II) binds to the aptamer to form stable G-quadruplex and release free graphene oxide nanoribbon, a sensitive and selective surface enhanced Raman scattering method was developed for detection of 0.002-0.075 µmol·L-1 Pb(II) by using the molecular probe Victoria Blue B.

Enhanced adsorption behaviors of Co2+ on robust chitosan hydrogel microspheres derived from an alkali solution system: kinetics and isotherm analysis.

Chitosan hydrogel microspheres derived from the LiOH/KOH/urea aqueous system demonstrate great characteristics of high mechanical strength, relative chemical inertness, renewability and 3-D fibrous network, making them promising functional supports. This work aims to investigate the tunable Co2+ adsorption behaviors on these robust chitosan microspheres in detail, providing the theoretical basis for optimizing the preparation procedure of chitosan microspheres supported Co3O4 catalysts in the future. The experimental results revealed that the fabricated original chitosan microspheres with more extended chain conformation could display enhanced adsorption capacity for Co2+ at determined concentration both in water and alcohol solutions, which is about 2-7 times higher than that of the conventional chitosan hydrogel microspheres prepared from the acetic acid solution. The kinetic experiments indicated that the adsorption process in water solution agreed with the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation mostly, while the chemical and physical adsorptions commonly contribute to the higher Co2+ adsorption on chitosan microspheres in alcohol solution. Moreover, in both cases, the film diffusion or chemical reaction is the rate limiting process in the initial adsorption stage, and the adsorption of Co2+ on chitosan microspheres can well fit to the Langmuir isotherm. Thermodynamic analysis demonstrated that such adsorption behaviors were dominated by an endothermic (ΔH° > 0) and spontaneous (ΔG° < 0) process.

A sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering method for chondroitin sulfate with Victoria blue 4R molecular probes in nanogold sol substrate.

Using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as the nanocatalyst, l-cysteine rapidly reduced HAuCl4 to make a stable gold nanoparticle sol (Ag/AuNP) that had a high surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity in the presence of Victoria blue 4R (VB4r) molecular probes. Under the selected conditions, chondroitin sulfate (Chs) reacted with the VB4r probes to form associated complexes that caused the SERS effect to decrease to 1618 cm-1 . The decreased SERS intensity was linear to the Chs concentration in the range 3.1-500 ng/ml, with a detection limit of 1.0 ng/ml Chs. Accordingly, we established a simple and sensitive SERS quantitative analysis method to determine Chs in real samples, with a relative standard deviation of 1.47-3.16% and a recovery rate of 97.6-104.2%.

Resonance Rayleigh Scattering and SERS Spectral Detection of Trace Hg(II) Based on the Gold Nanocatalysis.

Mercury (Hg) is a heavy metal pollutant, there is an urgent need to develop simple and sensitive methods for Hg(II) in water. In this article, a simple and sensitive resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) method was developed for determination of 0.008-1.33 µmol/L Hg, with a detection limit of 0.003 µmol/L, based on the Hg(II) regulation of gold nanoenzyme catalysis on the HAuCl4-H2O2 to form gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with an RRS peak at 370 nm. Upon addition of molecular probes of Victoria blue B (VBB), the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) peak linearly decreased at 1612 cm-1 with the Hg(II) concentration increasing in the range of 0.013-0.5 µmol/L. With its good selectivity and good accuracy, the RRS method is expected to be a promising candidate for determining mercury ions in water samples.

Progress in rigid polysaccharide-based nanocomposites with therapeutic functions.

Polysaccharides are naturally occurring biological macromolecules that are envisaged as promising substitutes of non-degradable polymers due to their outstanding inherent properties of biodegradability, biocompatibility, low-cost, and availability. Their utilization in the development of nanostructured hybrid materials has numerous advantages in theranostics, the integrated approach of therapeutics and diagnostics. In particular, some rigid polysaccharides occur in nature, which can self-assemble into ordered hierarchical structures, facilitating the controllable fabrication of various nanocomposites. These rigid polysaccharides, including Lentinan, Curdlan, Schizophyllan, Scleroglucan, Auricularian, and yeast glucan, possess the linear ß-(1→3)-d-glucan as the backbone with or without ß-(1→6)-linked glucose as the branch, having diverse biological activities. This review focuses on the incorporation of nanoparticles, such as gold (AuNPs), silver (AgNPs), selenium (SeNPs), silica, carbon nanotubes, homo-polynucleotides, bio-imaging probes, and drugs, into different rigid polysaccharide matrices through self-assembly and summarizes their biological functions as well as the correlation to their conformations. Additionally, we addressed the use of the as-engineered polysaccharide nanocomposites as effective therapeutic agents, and the challenges or ambiguity issues concerning further practical clinic therapeutic applications.

Hydride generation-resonance Rayleigh scattering and SERS spectral determination of trace Bi.

In acidic solutions, Bi(III) was reduced by NaBH4 to form BiH3 gas. Using I3(-)graphene oxide (GO) as absorption solution, the BiH3 gas reacted with I3(-) to form I(-) that resulted in the I3(-) concentration decreasing. In the absence of BiH3, the I3(-) concentration was high, and as receptors it was closed to the surfaces of GO which was as donors. Then the surface plasmon resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) energy of GO transfers to I3(-) heavily, and results in the RRS quenching severely. With the increase of the Bi(III) concentration, the receptors and the RRS energy transfer (RRS-ET) decreased, so the RRS intensity enhanced linearly at 370nm. The RRS intensity was linear to the Bi(III) concentration in 0.05-5.5µmol/L, with a detection limit of 4ng/mL Bi. A new RRS-ET spectral method was developed for the determination of trace Bi(III). Using I3(-) as the absorption solution, silver nanorod (AgNR) as sol substrate and Vitoria blue B (VBB) as molecular probe, a SERS method was developed for detection of Bi.